February 14
Saint’s Day for Valentín, Cirilo, Metodio, Juan Bautista, Zenón, Agatón and Antonio.
1502 - The Catholic Kings, Ferdinand and Isabella, issue an edict banishing all Muslims who refuse to be baptised as Catholics.
1530 - Spanish conquistadores, led by Nuño de Guzmán, overthrow and execute Tangaxuan II, the last independent monarch of the Tarascan state in present-day central Mexico
Ferdinand and Isabella wedding portrait c 1469 - wikipedia
1655 - The Mapuches launch coordinated attacks against the Spanish in Chile beginning the Mapuche, uprising of 1655
1779 - Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz) the bridge over the Guadalete River was inaugurated, but is broken by the weight of the crowd and killed 413 people.
1797 - French Revolutionary Wars : Battle of Cape St. Vincent: John Jarvis (later 1st Earl of St Vincent) and Horatio Nelson (later 1st Viscount Nelson) led the British Royal Navy to victory over a Spanish fleet in action near Gibraltar
1880 - Madrid Regulations bullfighting passes.
1901 - Madrid, the Infanta Dona Mercedes, marries Don Carlos of Bourbon, causing lively protests.
1928 - It came to light data that reflect that each Spanish ingests little more than 17 kg of meat per year, which means that only the city of London consumes 24% more than all Spain.
1931 - General Dámaso Berenguer resigns as prime minister six days after publication of the official call for elections.
1935 - Barcelona, great success of the film The painful starring Rosita Diaz Gimeno and Agustín Godoy.
1935 - In caves and Hoz Casares, Guadalajara important archaeological discoveries occur.
1936 - Sevilla, Cuban aviator Menéndez Peláez happily concludes Antonio flight Cuba-Spain.
1937 - Albunol -in the context of the Spanish Civil War, the Republicans stop the Nationalist advance towards Almeria.
1941 - Santander a fire for two days will destroy the city begins.
1980 - The Defence Ministry arrests and later expels from the country the director of the Soviet airline Aeroflot in Spain, on charges of spying.
1990 - Spanish actress Nuria Espert is distinguished in Paris with the title of Personality of the Year in the category of theater.
1996 - The ex President of the Constitutional Court, professor Francisco Tomás y Valiente, is murdered by ETA in his office at the Autonomous University of Madrid.
2006 - in Urdax (Navarra), the terrorist group ETA explodes a bomb van in front of a nightclub, causing no casualties but major damage.
1797 - French Revolutionary Wars : Battle of Cape St. Vincent: John Jarvis (later 1st Earl of St Vincent) and Horatio Nelson (later 1st Viscount Nelson) led the British Royal Navy to victory over a Spanish fleet in action near Gibraltar
1880 - Madrid Regulations bullfighting passes.
1901 - Madrid, the Infanta Dona Mercedes, marries Don Carlos of Bourbon, causing lively protests.
1928 - It came to light data that reflect that each Spanish ingests little more than 17 kg of meat per year, which means that only the city of London consumes 24% more than all Spain.
1931 - General Dámaso Berenguer resigns as prime minister six days after publication of the official call for elections.
1935 - Barcelona, great success of the film The painful starring Rosita Diaz Gimeno and Agustín Godoy.
1935 - In caves and Hoz Casares, Guadalajara important archaeological discoveries occur.
1936 - Sevilla, Cuban aviator Menéndez Peláez happily concludes Antonio flight Cuba-Spain.
1937 - Albunol -in the context of the Spanish Civil War, the Republicans stop the Nationalist advance towards Almeria.
1941 - Santander a fire for two days will destroy the city begins.
1980 - The Defence Ministry arrests and later expels from the country the director of the Soviet airline Aeroflot in Spain, on charges of spying.
1990 - Spanish actress Nuria Espert is distinguished in Paris with the title of Personality of the Year in the category of theater.
1996 - The ex President of the Constitutional Court, professor Francisco Tomás y Valiente, is murdered by ETA in his office at the Autonomous University of Madrid.
2006 - in Urdax (Navarra), the terrorist group ETA explodes a bomb van in front of a nightclub, causing no casualties but major damage.
2017 - ‘the ‘Bankia case’ has reached the hierarchy of the supervisors’ – under investigation Fernández Ordóñez former governor of the Bank of Spain and Segura former president of the CNMV, three top dogs have resigned from the banking regulator.
Births
1701 - Enrique Flórez, historian and author born in Valladolid (d. 1773)
Births
1701 - Enrique Flórez, historian and author born in Valladolid (d. 1773)
1751 - Valentín de Foronda, economist and writer (d. 1821).
1778 - Fernando Sor, classical guitarist and composer (Twelve Studies), baptised in Barcelona (d 1839)
1827 - Valentín de Berriochoa, saint and martyr (d. 1861).
1827 - Valentín de Berriochoa, saint and martyr (d. 1861).
1844 - Francisca Rubatto, nun (d. 1904).
1875 - José Gascón and Marin, politician (d. 1962).
1886 - Angel Pestana, anarcho-syndicalist (d. 1937).
1899 - Bautista Garcet, unionist and politician (d. 1936).
1958 - Francisco Javier López Peña, soldier (d. 2013)
1875 - José Gascón and Marin, politician (d. 1962).
1886 - Angel Pestana, anarcho-syndicalist (d. 1937).
1899 - Bautista Garcet, unionist and politician (d. 1936).
1958 - Francisco Javier López Peña, soldier (d. 2013)
Juan Pujol García - https://commons.wikimedia.org/
1912 - Juan Pujol García, also known as Joan Pujol Garcia, was a Spanish double agent against Nazi Germany during World War II, when he relocated to Britain to carry out fictitious spying activities for the Germans. He was given the codename Garbo by the British; their German counterparts codenamed him Alaric and referred to his non-existent spy network as "Arabal". After developing a loathing of the fascist regime in Europe during the Spanish Civil War, Pujol decided to become a spy for the Allies as a way to do something "for the good of humanity".
Pujol and his wife contacted the British and American intelligence agencies, but each rejected his offer. Undeterred, he created a false identity as a fanatically pro-Nazi Spanish government official and successfully became a German agent
He was instructed to travel to Britain and recruit additional agents; instead he moved to Lisbon and created bogus reports from a variety of public sources, including a tourist guide to Britain, train timetables, cinema newsreels, and magazine advertisements.Although the information would not have withstood close examination, Pujol soon established himself as a trustworthy agent.
He began inventing fictitious sub-agents who could be blamed for false information and mistakes. The Allies finally accepted Pujol when the Germans spent considerable resources attempting to hunt down a fictitious convoy. Following interviews by Desmond Bristow of Section V MI6 Iberian Section, Juan Pujol was taken on. The family was moved to Britain and Pujol was given the code name "Garbo". Pujol and his handler Tomás Harris spent the rest of the war expanding the fictitious network, communicating at first by letter to the German handlers and later by radio. Eventually the Germans were funding a network of 27 fictitious agents.
Pujol had a key role in the success of Operation Fortitude, the deception operation intended to mislead the Germans about the timing, location and scale of the invasion of Normandy in 1944. The false information Pujol supplied helped persuade the Germans that the main attack would be in the Pas de Calais, so that they kept large forces there before and even after the invasion. Pujol had the distinction of receiving military decorations from both sides of the war—being awarded the Iron Cross and becoming a Member of the Order of the British Empire. (d. 1988)
1916 - Maruchi Fresno, actress (d. 2003).
1927 - Roberto Segura, cartoonist (d. 2008).
1928 - Juan García Hortelano, writer (d. 1992).
1931 - Margarita Lozano, actress
1936 - Antonio Porpetta, poet and essayist.
1945 - Juan Carlos Pérez López, footballer (d. 2012).
1948 - María Salerno, actress
1972 - Najwa Nimri, actress and singer, born in Pamplona of Jordanian descent
1973 - Unai Elorriaga, writer.
1980 - César Navas, footballer.
1986 - Aschwin Wildeboer, swimmer born in Sabadell
Deaths
1714 - María Luisa of Savoy, Queen consort of Spain to Felipe V (1701-14) dies of tuberculosis aged 25
1799 - Luis Paret, painter (b. 1746).
1936 - Juan Bautista Benlloch y Vivó, bishop (b. 1864).
1953 - Balbino Santos Olivera, bishop (b. 1887).
1982 - Antonio Casas, actor (b. 1911).
1990 - José Luis López Panizo, footballer (b. 1922).
1993 - The last Foreign Minister of the Franco regime and the first after the restoration of the monarchy, Pedro Cortina Mauri, died on this day in Madrid.
1996 - Alejandro de la Sota, architect (b. 1913.).
1998 - Manuel Perez Martinez, priest and guerilla (b 1943.).
2002 - Domènec Balmanya, football player and trainer (b. 1914).
1927 - Roberto Segura, cartoonist (d. 2008).
1928 - Juan García Hortelano, writer (d. 1992).
1931 - Margarita Lozano, actress
1936 - Antonio Porpetta, poet and essayist.
1945 - Juan Carlos Pérez López, footballer (d. 2012).
1948 - María Salerno, actress
1972 - Najwa Nimri, actress and singer, born in Pamplona of Jordanian descent
1973 - Unai Elorriaga, writer.
1980 - César Navas, footballer.
1986 - Aschwin Wildeboer, swimmer born in Sabadell
Deaths
1714 - María Luisa of Savoy, Queen consort of Spain to Felipe V (1701-14) dies of tuberculosis aged 25
1799 - Luis Paret, painter (b. 1746).
1936 - Juan Bautista Benlloch y Vivó, bishop (b. 1864).
1953 - Balbino Santos Olivera, bishop (b. 1887).
1982 - Antonio Casas, actor (b. 1911).
1990 - José Luis López Panizo, footballer (b. 1922).
1993 - The last Foreign Minister of the Franco regime and the first after the restoration of the monarchy, Pedro Cortina Mauri, died on this day in Madrid.
1996 - Alejandro de la Sota, architect (b. 1913.).
1998 - Manuel Perez Martinez, priest and guerilla (b 1943.).
2002 - Domènec Balmanya, football player and trainer (b. 1914).
