March 28

March 29, 2024 - Reading time: 13 minutes

Saint’s Day for Gundelina and Castor.

1480 - Castile and Aragon, a pragmatic of the Catholic Monarchs authorizes farmers to move freely with all their goods.
1556 - Valladolid, Karel V's son Felipe II is solemnly proclaimed King of Spain.

1738 - Parliament sends an address to the king requesting that he demand redress from Spain (War of Jenkin's Ear)
1767 - in Marrakech, the first treaty of peace and friendship between Spain and Morocco is signed.
1776 - in the area of the present city of San Francisco (California), Spanish conquistador Juan Bautista de Anza founds a prison.
1798 - The favorite Manuel Godoy (1767-1851) resigns from office, which is accepted in terms of perpetual gratitude for King Charles IV.
1809 - In Vigo, Spain, a popular uprising allowed the city to recover the occupation of the Napoleonic troops.

1809 - Peninsular War France defeats Spain in the Battle of Medellin
1844 - the Guardia Civil, the first state public security force created in Spain, is born by a royal decree issued by Isabel II.

Teresa of Ávila - by Peter Paul Rubens - wikipedia

1845 - Madrid, opens Don Juan Tenorio, Jose Zorrilla, the play most representative of Spanish romanticism.
1909 - In Barcelona cycledrome "Parc dels Sports" opens.
1929 - Banco Exterior de Spain is created.
1932 - in the Aragonese capital, is founded Real Zaragoza football club.
1939 - Spanish Civil War - Generalissimo Francisco Franco conquers Madrid after a three-year siege
1944 - premiere at Teatro de La Cruz (Madrid) of Don Juan Tenorio of Jose Zorrilla

Births
1515 - St Teresa of Ávila, otherwise known as Teresa de Jesús, the founder of the Discalced Carmelites and the first female to be named a Doctor of the Roman Catholic Church, was born in Ávila. (d. 1582)

1731 - Ramon de la Cruz, writer and dramatist. (d. 1794)

1817 - Mariano Soriano Fuertes y Piqueras, composer, born in Murcia (d. 1880)

Self portrait

1858 - José Moreno Carbonero was a Spanish painter and decorator. A prominent member of the Málaga School of Painting, he is considered one of the last great history painters of the 19th century. He was a celebrated portrait painter who enjoyed the patronage of Madrid's high society. He also created genre scenes and some landscapes, vendettas and still lifes.

Moreno Carbonero was widely recognized, both nationally and internationally, during his lifetime. He received awards, among others, at the Exposition Universelle of Paris in 1889, the Budapest International Exhibition in 1890, the Universal Exhibition of Berlin in 1891 and the only medal at the World's Columbian Exposition of Chicago in 1893.

His work is represented at some of the most influential museums in the world, with El Prado Museum, in Madrid, holding an important collection. (d. 1942)

1872 - José Sanjurjo, general (Morocco) and high director, born in Pamplona (d. 1936).

1895 - Angela Ruiz Robles, writer, pioneer and inventor of the mechanical precursor to the electronic book. In 1949, Ruiz was awarded Spanish patent 190,698 for the "Mechanical Encyclopedia" (Spanish: la Enciclopedia Mecánica). Ruiz Robles wanted to lighten the weight of the books carried by her students, so she devised a device consisting of a series of text and illustrations on reels, all under a sheet of magnifying glass with a light for reading in the dark, and was to incorporate spoken descriptions of each topic. Her device was never put into production but a prototype is kept in A Coruña National Science and Technology Museum. (d 1975)

18th Duchess of Alba - https://en.wikipedia.org/

1926 - María del Rosario Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart y Silva, 18th Duchess of Alba, GE was head of the House of Alba and the third woman to hold the dukedom of Alba in her own right. Born at Liria Palace in Madrid on 28 March 1926, she was the only child of the 17th Duke of Alba (a prominent Spanish politician and diplomat during the 1930s and 1940s) by his wife, María del Rosario de Silva y Gurtubay, 9th Marchioness of San Vicente del Barco.

Her godmother was Queen Victoria Eugenie, the consort of King Alfonso XIII of Spain. As head of the dynasty, she was styled by her most senior title of "Duchess of Alba", whilst holding over 40 other hereditary titles.

According to Guinness World Records, she was the most titled aristocrat in the world.Via her descent from James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, she was King James II of England's senior illegitimate-line descendant.

She was inducted into Vanity Fair's International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 2011.(d. 2014)
1933 - Vincente 'Tete' Montoliu, Catalan jazz pianist, born in Barcelona (d. 1997)
1936 - Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian-Spanish journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate

1936 - Amancio Ortega businessman and one of the wealthiest people in the world, (founder of the Inditex fashion empire) born in Busdongo de Arbás
1960 - José Antonio Alonso, first Interior and then Defence Minister under the first legislature of the Socialist Prime Minister, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, was born on this day in León in 1960.

1964 - José Antonio Rodríguez Muñoz (born in Córdoba) is a flamenco guitarist, composer and music professor
1975 - Iván Helguera, footballer
1986 - Amaia Salamanca, actress
1992 - Sergi Gómez, footballer

Deaths
1579 - Juan Fernández de Navarrete, painter (b. 1526).
1631 - Juan van der Hamen, painter (b. 1596).
1924 - Zoel García de Galdeano, mathematician (b. 1846).
1940 - José María Salaverría, writer. (b. 1873)
1942 - Miguel Hernández, poet and playwright (b. 1910)
1966 - Ramón María Aller Ulloa, astronomer, mathematician and priest (b. 1878).
2002 - Juan Guerrero Zamora, television presenter. (b. 1927)
2005 - Joaquín Luqui, journalist and pop radio disc jockey (b, 1948)
2013 - Manuel García Ferré, Spanish-Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1929)