March 31
Saint’s Day for Balbina, Félix, Benjamín, Teódulo and Amós.
1258 - at the Collegiate Church of Santa Maria de Valladolid, Marriage infant Felipe de Castilla with Princess Cristina of Norway was held.
1492 - Queen Isabella of Castille issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
1492 - Queen Isabella of Castille issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
1504 - France and Spain sign truce
1678 - Royal Decree issued by Carlos II of Spain, through which the shield of Medellin is adopted.
1678 - Royal Decree issued by Carlos II of Spain, through which the shield of Medellin is adopted.
"Felipe-III-de-Espana A-Vidal" by Pedro Antonio Vidal (b.1570) -
1866 - the Chilean port of Valparaiso is bombarded by the Spanish fleet in the Chincha Islands War, the series of naval battles fought between Spain and its former colonies of Chile and Peru.
1939 - in the framework of the Civil War are occupied the last republican cities: Almeria, Murcia and Cartagena.
1997 - station-Araquil Huarte (Navarra, Spain) a railway accident occurs causing 18 deaths and between 80 and 100 wounded.
1999 - Andalucía - Care Act is approved for People with Disabilities.
2002 - Tenerife the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is affected by torrential rains, causing losses of both human lives and homes.
Births
1939 - in the framework of the Civil War are occupied the last republican cities: Almeria, Murcia and Cartagena.
1997 - station-Araquil Huarte (Navarra, Spain) a railway accident occurs causing 18 deaths and between 80 and 100 wounded.
1999 - Andalucía - Care Act is approved for People with Disabilities.
2002 - Tenerife the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is affected by torrential rains, causing losses of both human lives and homes.
Births
0356 - Aelia Flavia Flaccilla, was a Roman empress and first wife of the Roman Emperor Theodosius I. (d. 0386)
1373 - Catalina de Lancáster, Queen (d. 1418).
1592 - Benito Daza de Valdes, optometrist (d. 1634).
1373 - Catalina de Lancáster, Queen (d. 1418).
1592 - Benito Daza de Valdes, optometrist (d. 1634).
Portrait by Alexis Simon Belle, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
1718 - Mariana Victoria of Spain was an Infanta of Spain by birth and was later the Queen of Portugal as wife of King Joseph I. She acted as regent of Portugal in 1776–1777, during the last months of her husband's life and as advisor to her daughter, Maria I of Portugal, in her reign.
Mariana Victoria was born at the Royal Alcazar of Madrid in Madrid and was given the same forenames as her paternal grandmother Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria, wife of Le Grand Dauphin. She was an Infanta of Spain by birth and the eldest daughter of Philip V of Spain and his second wife Elisabeth Farnese. Her father was a grandson of Louis XIV and had inherited the Spanish throne in 1700. At the time of her birth, Mariana Victoria was fifth in line to the throne of Spain behind her half brothers Infante Louis, Prince of Asturias, Infante Ferdinand, Infante Pedro as well as her full brother Infante Charles. As an Infanta of Spain she had the style of Royal Highness.
According to the mother of the Régent, Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Mariana Victoria was the "sweetest and prettiest little thing" and had considerable wit for her age. Her education was placed in the care of Marie Anne de Bourbon, the legitimised daughter of Louis XIV and Louise de La Vallière, and Madame de Ventadour was appointed her governess. In February 1723, Louis XV reached his majority and thus governed the country by his own accord.
Her establishment in France was not to be. Under the influence of the Prime Minister Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon and his mistress Madame de Prie, the decision was made to send the seven-year-old Mariana Victoria back to Spain on 11 March 1725. Bourbon had wanted to maintain influence over the young Louis XV and offered his sister Henriette Louise de Bourbon as a potential wife who, unlike Mariana Victoria, was old enough to conceive.
The situation was not helped by the Spanish rejection of Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans whose husband died having ruled as Louis I of Spain for only seven months. As their marriage had not been consummated, the Spanish refused to support her and ordered she return to France with her sister Philippine Élisabeth. Mariana Victoria left Versailles on 5 April 1725 and travelled to the frontier where she and the two Orléans daughters were then exchanged. Louis XV subsequently married Marie Leszczyńska in September 1725 and Mariana Victoria's sister the Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela married Louis XV's son in 1745 to reassure the insulted Spanish court.(d. 1781)
1822 - Rafael Hernando, composer of zarzuelas, born in Madrid (d. 1888)
1845 - Amós Salvador Rodrigáñez, engineer and politician (d. 1922).
1888 - Juan Luis Beigbeder, solider and politician (d. 1957)
1894 - José Sinués y Urbiola, economist and politician (d. 1965).
1923 - Antonio Ubieto Arteta, historian and philologist (d. 1990).
1845 - Amós Salvador Rodrigáñez, engineer and politician (d. 1922).
1888 - Juan Luis Beigbeder, solider and politician (d. 1957)
1894 - José Sinués y Urbiola, economist and politician (d. 1965).
1923 - Antonio Ubieto Arteta, historian and philologist (d. 1990).
1927 - Eduardo Martínez Somalo, cardinal (d. 2021)
1955 - Vicente Boluda, businessman and football manager.
1972 - Alejandro Fernando Amenábar Cantos is a Spanish-Chilean film director, screenwriter and composer. He has won nine Goyas—including a Goya Award for Best Director for his 2001 film The Others— two European Film Awards and one Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film for The Sea Inside among other honours. He has written (or co-written) the screenplays to all seven of his films and composed almost all of their soundtracks.
1985 - Dafne Fernández, actress and dancer.
1987 - Aridane Santana, footballer
1989 - Alberto Martín Romo García Adámez, footballer
2002 - Priscilla Delgado, actress
Deaths
1493 - Martín Alonso Pinzón, navigator (b. 1441).
1621 - Felipe III, King of Spain and Portugal (1598-1621) (b. 1578)
1685 - Juan Hidalgo, composer (b. 1614).
1835 - Damián de la Santa, politician (b. 1769).
1867 - Benjamin B. Wiffen, poet and English Spanish scholar (b. 1794).
1908 - Francisco Alió, composer (b. 1862).
1972 - Ramón Iglesias y Navarri, bishop (b. 1889).
1993 - Nicanor Zabaleta, musician (b. 1907).
1994 - Leon Degrelle, founder of the nationalist movement Rex in Málaga (b 1906.).
1994 - José Escobar Saliente, artist, Zip and Zap and Carpanta (b 1908.).
1994 - Eugenio Giner, Spanish cartoonist (b 1924.).
2001 - Diego García, marathon runner (b. 1961)
2003 - Eduardo Úrculo, painter and sculptor (b 1938.).
2003 - Fermin Velez, racing driver (b 1959.).
2009 - Joan Bernet Toledano, historian (b. 1924).
2014 - Gonzalo Anes, economist, historian, and academic (b. 1931)
1955 - Vicente Boluda, businessman and football manager.
1972 - Alejandro Fernando Amenábar Cantos is a Spanish-Chilean film director, screenwriter and composer. He has won nine Goyas—including a Goya Award for Best Director for his 2001 film The Others— two European Film Awards and one Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film for The Sea Inside among other honours. He has written (or co-written) the screenplays to all seven of his films and composed almost all of their soundtracks.
1985 - Dafne Fernández, actress and dancer.
1987 - Aridane Santana, footballer
1989 - Alberto Martín Romo García Adámez, footballer
2002 - Priscilla Delgado, actress
Deaths
1493 - Martín Alonso Pinzón, navigator (b. 1441).
1621 - Felipe III, King of Spain and Portugal (1598-1621) (b. 1578)
1685 - Juan Hidalgo, composer (b. 1614).
1835 - Damián de la Santa, politician (b. 1769).
1867 - Benjamin B. Wiffen, poet and English Spanish scholar (b. 1794).
1908 - Francisco Alió, composer (b. 1862).
1972 - Ramón Iglesias y Navarri, bishop (b. 1889).
1993 - Nicanor Zabaleta, musician (b. 1907).
1994 - Leon Degrelle, founder of the nationalist movement Rex in Málaga (b 1906.).
1994 - José Escobar Saliente, artist, Zip and Zap and Carpanta (b 1908.).
1994 - Eugenio Giner, Spanish cartoonist (b 1924.).
2001 - Diego García, marathon runner (b. 1961)
2003 - Eduardo Úrculo, painter and sculptor (b 1938.).
2003 - Fermin Velez, racing driver (b 1959.).
2009 - Joan Bernet Toledano, historian (b. 1924).
2014 - Gonzalo Anes, economist, historian, and academic (b. 1931)
2019 - José Antonio Gurriarán, journalist (b. 1938)
