September 12

September 13, 2023 - Reading time: 10 minutes

Saints Days: Leoncio, Valeriano and Guido

Local fiestas in honour of Santa Maria del Alcor in El Viso del Alcor in Sevilla

1213 - Simon de Montfort defeats Peter II of Aragon in the battle of Muret (Albigensian Crusade).

Bernardino Landete Arago - www.wikiwand.com

1229 - Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of Jaime 1 of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island
1297 - The treaty of Alcañices is signed which led to the villages of Aracena and Aroche in Huelva passing from Portugal to the Crown of Castille
1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory.
1502 - Christopher Columbus reaches the coast of what is Nicaragua today
1504 - Christopher Columbus leaves on his return to Spain at the end of his fourth voyage to America
1580 - Philip II of Spain was proclaimed king of Portugal, uniting the two crowns.
1631 - The Spanish defeat the Dutch in a naval battle at Pernambuco off the coast of Brazil
1907 - The Sociedad Sevilla Balompié is founded – to be called later Real Betis Balompié

Births

Maria de Zayas - https://elmundoentrenosotras.com/

1590 - Maria de Zayas y Sotomayor wrote during Spain's Golden Age of literature. She is considered by a number of modern critics as one of the pioneers of modern literary feminism, while others consider her simply a well-accomplished baroque author. The female characters in de Zayas's stories were used as vehicles to enlighten readers about the plight of women in Spanish society, or to instruct them in proper ways to live their lives

Born in Madrid de Zayas was the daughter of infantry captain Fernando de Zayas y Sotomayor and María Catalina de Barrasa. Her baptism was known to have taken place in the church of San Sebastían on 12 September 1590, and given the fact that most of Spain's well-to-do families baptised their infants days after birth, it may be deduced that de Zayas was born days before this date. So very little is known about her life that it is not even certain whether she was single or married during the time she wrote. What is known is that she was fortunate to belong to the aristocracy of Madrid, because despite earning the low salary typical of writers at the time, she lived well. In 1637 de Zayas published her first collection of novellas. Novelas Amorosas y Ejemplares (The Enchantments of Love) in Zaragoza, and ten years later, her second collection Desengños Amorosos (The Disenchantments of Love) was published. De Zayas also composed a play La traición en la Amistad (Friendship Betrayed) as well as several poems. The author enjoyed the respect and admiration of some of the best writers of her day. Among her many admirers were Lope de Vega, who dedicated some of his poetry to her, and Alonso de Castillo Solórzano, who named her 'Sibila de Madrid' (Sibyl of Madrid) Despite the enduring popularity of her works during the 17th and 18th centuries, the 19th-century saw her works censured for their perceived vulgarity. As a result, they faded into obscurity, and would remain obscure until the late 20th century

1756 - Federico Carlos Gravina, 12 Captain General of the Spanish Armada, born in Sicily.
1840 - Ramón Martínez Vigil, Bishop (d. 1904)
1854 - Joaquin Ruiz Jimenez, lawyer and politician, minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts, Minister of Public Works and Minister of Interior during the reign of Alfonso XIII.
1878 - Cristóbal Colón y Aguilera, aristocrat (d. 1936)
1879 - Bernardino Landete Arago, physician and scientist considered the pioneer of the Spanish Stomatology and creator of the oral and maxillofacial surgery in Spain.
1884 - Fernando Espinosa de los Monteros y Bermejillo, Politician and diplomat (d. 1937)
1898 - Salvador Bacarisse, composer born in Madrid (d. 1963)
1901 - Ramon Serrano Suner, lawyer and politician, minister six times the first franquistas governments between 1938 and 1942, Chairman of the Policy Board of the Traditionalist Spanish Falange of the JONS (1938), founder of the ONCE (1938), the Agency Efe (1939) and of Intercontinental Radio (1950). Lead author of the Labour Law (1938) and promoter sending the Blue Division to fight the Soviet Union.
1916 - Jesús Romeo Gorría, politician and businessman (d. 2001)
1926 - German Sanchez Ruipérez, Spanish entrepreneur and editor. (d. 2012)
1942 - Tomás Marco, composer, born in Madrid
1954 - Vicente Belda, cyclist.
1988 - Ximo Navarro Armero, footballer.
1989 - Álvaro Cervantes, actor.

Deaths
1213 - Pedro II, King of Aragon. (b. 1174)
1647 - Miguel Pellicer, receiver of a miracle (b. 1617)
1695 - Jacob Abendana, Spanish-English rabbi and scholar (b. 1630)
1955 - Salustiano Mas Cleries, military doctor (b. 1892)
1989 - Carmen Tagle, prosecutor of the National Audience of Spain.
1982 - Federico Moreno Torroba, composer and conductor (b. 1891)
1989 - Carmen Tagle, prosecutor (b. 1944)
2001 - Carmen Rico Godoy, journalist (b. 1939)